Leading Change in an Organization Essay

AbstractThe reality of variety is that it is likely to occur in personal life and business. In order for an plaque to con antecedent the realities of flip, effective lead is essential. leadership is faultfinding to the success of all neuter initiative. There atomic number 18 many forms of leadership that each come with a variety of personality traits, this paper give discuss leadership characteristics believed to be necessary to happyly eff shift in organizations for the next decade and how to use Kotters variety over exemplification to implement undefeated replace management.Change in simply defined as to make something different, according to Mr. Neryl East, the causation of Change What it is and what it isnt (East, 2007). Change management is the execute that an organization uses to respond and reconcile to change in order to improve its effectiveness and ensure move success (Leban & Saban, 2008). leaders is critical to the success of any change initiative i n an organization. Quality leadership characteristics ar equally important to the success of an organization. When keen leadership is in place in an organization, it chiffonier be felt throughout the entire organization. When advanced leadership exists, collateral corporate horticulture is non forced, it is developed (Mills, 2005). Leadership is defined as a process by which unity person influences the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors of others (Leban & Stone, 2008).Leaders set a direction for everyone else and they help the plurality around them see what lies ahead they help their followers to visualize what might be achieved and they encourage and inspire. Without leadership it is likely that a group of individuals would quickly collapse into argument and conflict. Leadership helps to point people in the same direction and deeds towards joint efforts.Leadership is the energy to get other people to do something significant that they might not otherwise do. Its energizi ng people toward a goal (Mills, 2005). In order for a leader to affect change in others he/she should possess many positive characteristics such as the ability to be a good communicator, be proactive versus being responsive and be flexible and adapt open among many possible characteristics to name a few (Group, 2009).As a leader, it is equally important to deliver clear, concise and consistent messages as it is to listen. Leaders should demonstrate a willingness to work to understand the needs of others. Leaders who atomic number 18 able to be successful at listening be able to ask meaningful questions, consider all options and provide leadership in the right direction. Secondly, is the ability to always think ahead, being proactive instead of reactive. Leaders who possess this characteristic are able to master their work environment with the goal of avoiding potential problems before they occur. And lastly, an effective leader will adapt to new surroundings and situations, doing their best to adjust in unexpected or uncomfortable situations (Val & Kemp, 2012).Change strategies that are believed to generally be effective for leading fundamental change are first the need for skinny and constant communication, it is also important to over rate regularly on the important, significant issues and topics. Also, it is important that all fellow members of the club think and act purposefully and then communicate the assignment and required parts to each member of the department, positioning the mental institution for a good sum with the companionships mission and plan. The leadership trend of a animal trainer during the change process can be either cooperative and consultative or commanding and coercive (Leban & Stone, 2008).According to Neryl East, the author of Implementing an Effective Change Management Strategy, when provide members are working jointly with management in a cooperative style, it can be expected that in that location will be both long a nd short term success to the company since the team will address issues and concerns and makes decisions in the general best interest of the organization. In the same way, when the decision is made by management to force the change, the staff may not be allowed to participate in the decision make process. (East, 2007).Following this further, the Kotters process of leading change model has good manikinwork to allow the manager to work in a collaborative style with staff. Kotters model was established after perusal more than one hundred organizations (Leban & Stone, 2008). Mr. Kotter was perplexed about the fact that the majority of change efforts were unsuccessful, and he seek out to identify the common error made in the change process. Kotterss eight award model offers a process to successfully manage change and avoid the common mistakes that occur during change in an organization (Leban &Stone, 2008).Furthermore, the Kotters model for change is effective because it provided t wo lessons, first that the change process goes through a series of phases, each could last a considerable period of time and randomness that critical mistakes in any phase can have a devastating impact on the momentum of the change process. Kotters process of change focuses on the strategic, not tactical level of the change management process (Leban & Stone, 2008). In retrospect, the use of the Kotters change model during the implementation of electronic wellness records at my current employer, Clayton Eye optic could have yielded a better transition and fostered a more positive work environment.In the Kotters change model, the first four stages deal with unfreezing the organization. These feels strike reducing those forces that are allowing the organization to continue its current behavior. The next three stages introduce new practices, ever-changing/moving. This step shifts the behavior of the organization to a new level. The last stage is required to background knowledge the changes in the corporate culture refreezing and make them stick. This step steadies the organization at a new enjoin of balance (Leban & Stone, 2008).The first step in the Kotters model of change is to establish a bully sense of urgency, identify crisis, potential crises and major opportunities (Leban & Stone, 2008). The passing of the Health Information Technology for Economic and clinical Health Act (HITECH Act) in 2009 by death chair Obama was the driver of change for The Eye Center (CEC) (Secretary, 2013). The transcription had to be in place by deadlines set forth by the government, therefore theurgency for change was created.The second step in the Kotters model of change is creating the guiding coalition, by putting unneurotic a group of people with enough power to lead the change (Leban & Stone, 2008). The Eye Center was successful in organizing a core team, composed of managers from each department to provide various perspectives to the change process. The establish c ore team had previously worked together on various change issues and working as a cohesive unit was of no concern.The third step of the Kotters model of change is developing a transformational fancy and strategy. Create a vision that will help direct the change and develop strategies for achieving that vision ( Leban & Stone, 2008). During this step, The Eye Center missed the opportunity to develop a positive need for the change. The vision for implementing a new EHR system was often stated as, because we have too. This was an opportunity for upper management to frame the view of the change before anyone formed a negative opinion about the change.The fourth step of Kotters model of change is communicating the change vision, using all possible avenues to constantly communicate the new vision and strategies (Leban & Stone, 2008). In this step, The Eye Center was reluctant to communicate the change because they held hope that in the end the change would not be needed. Once it was cle ar that the bill signed into law by the President would be upheld, there was very little time to effectively communicate the change vision and soak up positive buy in from the staff.The fifth step of Kotters model of change is empowering a all-inclusive base of people to take action, getting rid of blockers, changing systems or structures that did not line up with the change vision (Leban & Stone, 2008). Empowering the staff, whether real or perceived could have been a very important step to achieving staff support towards the change. However, in the case of The Eye Center, only the managers appointed for the core team were sceptred as they were the only members of the staff who had knowledgeabout the upcoming change. Keeping the majority of the staff members in the dark about the change and not providing a platform for them to feel a part of the change was instrumental in the outcome for the possibility of successful change.The sixth step of Kotters model of change is generating short term wins, visibly recognizing and rewarding people who made the wins possible (Leban & Stone, 2008). Generating short-term wins is necessary to resist the loss of momentum and keep the organization engaged. The Eye Center was not as successful as it could have been in this step. Approximately 2 months after implementation, upper management decided to reward the front desk staff for what had been considered reasonably successful implementation of the system thus far. However, the other 4 departments that were largely alter by EHR implementation and played a role in its success, although only 2 months in were not offered rewards for their efforts. This flaw in judgment created negative vibes between departments that needed to work together for continued success of the change implementation.The seventh step of Kotters model of change is consolidating gains and producing even more change by hiring, promoting and developing people who can implement the change vision (Leban & St one, 2008). In this step, The Eye Center could make strides to correct past change errors by focusing on the continued development of staff with the new EHR system. The company should also consider utilizing previously purchased unused project management hours to aid them in this step to ensure that moving forward the change vision process is revitalized. And finally in this step, the company could build on polices and structures that have worked during the change process and remove all polices and structures that dont fit the change vision.The eighth and final step of the Kotters model of change is institutionalizing new approaches in the culture by articulating the connections between new behaviors and company success date developing means to ensure leadership development and succession (Leban & Stone, 2008). This step again creates an opportunity for The Eye Center to build a foundation for successful change moving forward. The company could use this step tomake successful chang e a part of its culture by communicating to the staff how current behaviors do or do not line up with the change vision of the organization. The implementation of continued leadership development through ongoing training would also fulfill this step while preparing the company for successful change behavior in the future.A clear description of the characteristics of a healthy organization prepared to address the issues of change in the 21st century is upper management support and involvement, considering the needs of employees and an effective project manager. Change is around impossible without the support and involvement of top leaders. Leadership must set the direction, pace and tone while providing a clear vision that brings everyone together (Leban & Stone, 2008). In order for any change initiative to be successful, the company must create a positive culture and motivate the staff, this allows them to visualize and buy in to the change project (Leban & Stone, 2008). Effective project management involves planning and coordinating all aspects of the change program, this allows the organization to place necessary focus on the values, attitudes and behavior of everyone involved to guarantee an effective outcome ( Leban & Stone, 2008). Without these characteristics, change programs risk failure.In final consideration, there are many change models available to organizations the Kotters eight-stage model dictates that each stage be worked through in order to obtain successful change. Skipping even one step or moving too far ahead with a concrete foundation can create problems according to Mr. Kotter (Leban & Stone, 2008). In the case of The Eye Center, we see this to be the case as effect follow through of each step could have yielded better results for the organization. The need for change is almost guaranteed for every organization if they want to remain relevant. Organizations that will succeed in the 21st century and beyond are those who are aware of what is changing in their perspective industries and are willing to take into account how those changes are most likely to affect its current success.ReferencesEast, N. (2007). Change-What it is and what it isnt. Retrieved from Implementing an Effective Change Management Strategy http//www.ark-group.com/downloads/Change-Management-Chap.pdf Group, H. L. (2009). Holden Leadership Center. Retrieved from Leadership Characteristics Leadership Styles. Pathways The Ontario Journal Of Outdoor Education, 24(3), 28-31. Leban, B., Stone, R. (2008). Managing Organizational Change 2nd ed. Hoboken, New Jersey John Wiley & Sons. Mills, D. Q. (2005). Leadership How to Lead, How to Live. Retrieved from The Importance of Leadership http//www.cafanet.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=qwswE8roe74%3D&tabid=96 Secretary, O. (2013, June 13). FACT SHEET White House Task pull in on High-Tech Patent Issues. Retrieved from The White House www.whitehouse.gov Val, C., Kemp, J. (2012). Leadership Styles. The Ontario Jou rnal of Outdoor Education, v24 n3 p28-31 Spring 2012 4pp.

How does Grace Nichols convey the life of the slave women in her poetry? Essay

One way approving Nichols establishs us how the buckle down women had to live is by saying what they had to do for their captors. In her song We the women grace of God says we the women who cutclearfetchdigsing. The head of not putting spaces between each tame shows how hard they had to work without a break. Grace besides says we the women who toil which also shows how hard they had to work. The simile whose deaths they sweep aside as easy as dead leaves shows how much they were hated and seen as pieces of rubbish. The use of the word we in the poem shows just how many women had been captu rosy and a gives a sense of empathy with the striver women. The sun in this poem is shown as a bad find out even though it gives life. To the slaves it is bad because it draw and quarters the labour they yield to do even harder than it should be.The slaves tried to cheer themselves up by singing. The verb sing in the poem has a religious connotation which shows their depression in God . However, this belief is doubted by the suffering they have to endure day after day and also because their entreaters go unsung, as Grace says. We see with the used adjective unadorned that the slaves were treated badly, misused and badly dressed because fashion did not matter to the captors only work.Grace Nichols uses repetition to vex the harshness of their lives as well. The words doddering dry-headed women leaning on her hoe argon repeated in the poem Up my spine to show how bad their condition was and how mistreated they were. It also shows the amount of heat exhaustion they get and the lack of counterbalance they have. Their heads argon burnt by the sun and the skin is dry. Grace also says in that poem that they have to work even if they are injured and hurt. This shows how much they dis akind slaves but had to use them for work to cave in money. The phrase Way back time when she had a fall is used to show that there is no medical help for the workers so they work till they die.Grace uses the senses to convey how awful the slaves lives were in this poem as well. Two examples of this are I see the pit of her eye and I hear her rattle bone laugh. This also conveys the bodily state that the slaves were in and how they looked. However their captors did nothing to help as it did not matter to them what they were like as long as they worked. The second example gives a sense of touch of disgust to the poem as she thinks that the slaves would want revenge on the everyplaceseers for what they did to them. After all no-one would want to work all day for nothing. The simile twist up and shaky like a crippled dirt ball which also conveys their lives.In the poem Water pot the workers are slaving away in a grove centre. Grace says in it, theres a water pot growing from her head. This is because the slave woman is carrying it on her head whenever they needed water which, in the heat, is often. It also shows how much work they had to do and for how long eve ry day. Grace says in this poem as well that they are like oxen always hurried.This conveys how badly they were treated and actually what the captors saw them as. The words tried to walk like a woman is used to show how injured they were because of work and the fact they could not walk properly. Grace implies that the slaves had to pull themselves erect to lapse some self-esteem, to keep going and not give up, and to show the overseers they leave behind survive whatever they throw at them. However a vast number of slaves died during the 18th snow alone.Ala is a poem about a woman killing her own child and then beingness punished for it. In the poem, the slave has given birth to a child which she does not wish to keep because of who the father is. In this instance the father is one of the overseers/captors who raped her. This poem also symbolizes the horror the slave women had to go through and the fact that the title is a religious word meaning god their scream for help to thei r God.The woman who is being tortured is lying on a board with her arms and legs spread-eagled and staked to the ground. This is an intimation of Jesus as he was crucified on a cross. The overseers see this woman as a greyback and are making an example to the others by killing her publicly. She is the scapegoat. Grace uses repetition here to show to us what was in line for the other women if they did the same. She also says the slave has sent the new-born soul winging its way back to Africa. This implies that the cosset is an angel as it has not been forced to work or put through any physical labour. Grace says the soul has gone to Africa because it is where most of the slaves originated from and it is then free.This woman is being eaten alive by red ants as a form of capital punishment for her actions. The personification in the line and the sun unreasoning her with his fury adds to the cruelty. The sun is a male figure and so takes the side of the men. The other slaves then pr ay to God for the deceased woman to be accepted in the pocket of his womb. This is a link up with the baby who was also killed. They are asking for the both of them to be free.Another poem Grace uses to convey the lives of the slave women is In My Name. This poem goes on about the horror the slave women had to go through. In this instance the baby is not killed therefore it is the opposite of Ala. The slave is in labour, giving birth to her curled bean as Grace describes it. The womans belly is an arc of black moon.This shows how unwanted the babies are and that the fathers are the overseers. The colour black is evil and we get the impression of what birth is like the way she squats over the dry plantain leaves and commands the earth to receive you. The baby is being dropped here onto the ground because there are no medical facilities available. Grace says the baby is my tainted, perfect child. This is an oxymoron because she is saying two virtual opposites together.The hatred towar ds the overseers raping them is shown in the words, my bastard fruit and my strange mulatto. The second example shows that the babys fathers parents are mixed race and the mother does not like this. It will always remind her of the slave drivers or her captors if she ever escapes from their grasp. Where as the first shows how appreciative the overseers are of the baby but not the mother. She wishes it wasnt born so it did not have to become a slave. Grace uses the words my sea grapeshot to show how far they have had to travel before arriving at their work place or deathbeds in many instances. At the end she says now my sweet one it is for you to swim showing that the baby should make its own decisions on its life and to begin its journey.Overall Grace Nichols poems show her hatred towards what happened to her ancestors long time ago and what is still happening today in some places. She believes ruling on it should be stricter and so there will be no slaves left.

Summary of ON PHOTOGRAPHY by Susan Sontag Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary of ON PHOTOGRAPHY by Susan Sontag - Essay ExampleTaking photographs is fashionable with coetaneous tourism activities especially when ones explorations around the world for pleasure. Pictures put to preserve what an individual or group is experiencing as he or she is touring. To defend experience pictures are taken however, it confines experiences to images only. As a way of abating boredom during tours photographs are taken. (Walther Koenig, 2010). Camera captures pictures of everything enabling one to feel ad receive events to completion. This supplies events with a kind of continuity and importance. Photography takes an instant out of time, changing life by belongings it immobile. According to Elliott Erwitt To me, photography is an art of observation. Its about finding something interesting in an ordinary place... Ive found it has lesser to do with the things you see and everything to do with the way you see

Organizational Plan Implementation I Research Paper

organizational Plan Implementation I - Research Paper ExampleThe Need for Electronic Medical Records in Psychiatric Hospital Setting The term Electronic Medical Records (EMR) refers to clinical and managerial utilities of technologies, which include electronic prescribing, billing, computerized physician order entry (CPOE), reporting, record keeping as well as documentation. Psychiatric hospitals argon characterized by bulk data records and the kind of patients who atomic number 18 likely to complain on the quality of service given by nurses. EMR implementation will enhance proper, essential, and up to date record keeping for br early(a)ly resolution of any controversies or ligations and ensure quality services in psychiatric hospitals. Nurses play a major role in psychiatric hospitals and atomic number 18 required to keep records commitd by different colleagues much(prenominal) as physicians in making decisions regarding mental patients. Implementing Electronic Medical Record keeping affair to substitute paper-based medical records will give medical care givers including nurses more time to focus on caregiving (Sharfstein, Dickerson, & Oldham, 2009). By implementing EMR, it will be easy for nurses to notice and correct any inefficiency. Additionally, EMR will allow instalment of other programs such as automatic communication, which helps in improving the quality of services in psychiatric hospitals where patients require frequent attention from nurses (Sharfstein, Dickerson, & Oldham, 2009). Implementing EMR in psychiatric hospitals will enable cooperation between different departments gum olibanum enhance making of decisions regarding patients since electronically saved data will be easily and simultaneously accessed by different departments (Luo, 2006). Proper use of EMR will promote early identification and apposite treatment of potentially violent psychiatric patient behaviors. In the long run EMR will protect individual nurses and other care pro viders from allegations of bad record-keeping. Additionally, EMR keeping is easy and will ensure that professional and legal welfare of nurses are not undermined by lack or incomplete records (Luo, 2006). Organizational and Individual Barriers to Implementation of EMR There are significant challenges that would affect the implementation of EMR in psychiatric hospitals. One of the major challenges would be finances. Implementation of EMR requires a lot of money to buy the EMR systems and training. Psychiatric hospitals are characterized by pecuniary limitations since the services offered cannot yield equal funds to implement and maintain such a program. To resolve this I would advise the hospitals to seek financial assistance from donors in addition to seeking government funding. Another challenge concerns patients seclusion since EMR would lead to possible access of patients information by other parties who may use it for selfish or harmful motives. Most psychiatric hospitals are still lacking technological clarity regarding disclosure of patient health information to secondary sources. This problem will not be as well as rampant since the HIPPA act clearly explains on disclosure of private health information. Additionally, I will boost hospital management to offer training regarding prevention of PHI to wrong parties (Luo, 2006). An additional challenge is that psychiatric hospitals stimulate a lot of bulk paper records thus it would be difficult and burdensome to convert such records to electronic records. To ease the work, the conversion

The right decision Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The right ratiocination - Research Paper ExampleHowever, the experiences of teenage life despite its bitterness piddle imbued me with right concepts peradventure at a later stage. The most vital advantage evolved from the past failures includes my acquired ability to make a self assessment. Today I am well acquainted with the possible ups and downs of life, and can easily reckon the outcome of each personal decision I would make. To begin with, my decision flawed for the offset printing time as I dropped my studies. After I finished my high school, I joined a college for advertize studies with half-assed ideas of a career life. Since I did not have a proper goal or strategy, I could not pursue my studies well. I was in a hurry to get involved in nigh sorts of business activities though my situation was not very favorable. It was not because I wanted to win chou for my family, but just thought of proving my mettle in front of my friends and relatives at a very younger stage. Obviously, the academic life was of little relevance to me for I found no relevant things taught in my classes. Subsequently, I quit the studies just after the first semester, thinking that I would better seek some jobs that topper fitted my age and interest. As far as the education of my home land is concerned, since the founding of the UAE in 1971, partition 17 of the constitution ensures free education at every levels and mandatory primary education. The UAE constitution emphasizes on the significance of education in the overall(a) development of the nation. In addition to free education, all associated requirements including books, uniforms, transportation, and all nurture equipments are free for students. learning is one of the most important areas of governmental concern that frequently undergoes several policy improvements. The concerned authorities of education include The Ministry of Education and Youth (MOEY) and The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Resear ch (MOHESR). In fact, I cannot blame anyone for my discontinued study. Despite all the above state viable social conditions, I suspended my studies and that eventually resulted in my getting humiliated by my employer. concisely after my retrieval from college I got employed in a regional bank where I was the youngest among all employees. In addition, I was the individual paid least and that soon became the part of my identity in my workplace. I spent two years working for the bank expecting better chances in future. Although I requested the managing director for increment, he did not heed genuine concern to my need. He said that I did not have sufficient educational qualifications for a better pay or promotion. To add to my grief, I found my friends in better positions earning handsome salaries from their employers. This was indeed the turning point in my life because I decided to turn over the job with intent to resume my studies. I was well convinced of the significance of a un iversity degree for the first time in my life. As a result of my sincere effort, I got a scholarship to study in USA. This is the most rewarding challenge I would get because I have been very lots curious about visiting the States since my schooldays. Now I have got the chance to visit and stay at that place until I complete my studies. I am confident that the new academic environment in the States would head me better educational aspirations. At this juncture, it is important to evaluate the characteristics of the

Principles and practices of management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Principles and practices of management - Es conjecture ExampleIn this company oeople are brought in concert on the basis of defined roles within the structure of the organisation. The nature of the tasks to be undertaken is a predominant feature film of Byfords of Holt. Goals are identified by management, and certain rules, races and norms of behaviour established. Byfords of Holt tends to be relatively permanent, although there may be changes in actual membership.Byfords of Holt uses line communication which means authority flows vertically down through and through the structure, for case from the managing director to managers, section leaders, supervisors and other staff. There is a direct relationship between superior and subordinate, with each subordinate responsible to only one person. Line relationships are associated with functional or departmental category of work and organisational control. Line managers have authority and responsibility for all matters and activities wi thin their own department.Manor Hotel uses liberal communication rule which helps it to achieve the goals. It helps to take into account satisfaction of members social needs, and a sense of personal individualism and belonging. This type of communication provides additional channels of communication and provides a means of motivation, for example, through status, social interaction, categorization in routine jobs, and informal methods of work. Informal type of communication provides a feeling of stability and security, and through informal norms of behaviour can exercise a form of control over members (Cole, 1990).With the help of this method of communication Manor Hotel has an important influence on the morale, motivation, job satisfaction and performance of staff. It can provide members with greater opportunity to use their initiative and creativity in both personal and organisational development lag relationships has a great influence on the decision make process. Persons in a staff get have no direct authority in their own right but act as an extension of their superior and exercise only representative authority. In Manor Hotel there is no direct relationship between the personal assistant and other staff except where delegated authority and responsibility has been given for round specific activity. This may be partially because of the close relationship between the personal assistant and the superior, and partially dependent upon the knowledge and experience of the assistant, and the strength of the assistants own personality (Senior, 2001).Successful management of Manor Hotel lies in responding to internal and external change. This involves the clarification of objectives, the specification of problems, and the search for and implementation of solutions. Manor Hotel is seen as an information-processing network with many decision points. An understanding of how decisions are made helps in understanding behaviour in the organisation. The decision making in Byfords of Holt involves the isolation of those functions most directly concerned with the achievement of objectives and the identification of main decision areas or sub-systems. Viewing Byfords of Holt as a system emphasises the need for good information and channels of communication in order to assist effective decision making in it.Applying Handys theory to both companies it is possible to say that companies apply different types of culture. Byfords of Holt has A Web

Security Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Security Technology - act ExampleSecurity cameras be one flavour of business trade protection that is commonly calld crossways umteen different business types. Often a number of tv set cameras transmit their signals to a item point, frequently a set of monitors. This system is known as closed-circuit television (CCTV) the name derives from the event that although a television signal is produced it is not transmitted openly, and as a consequence cannot be picked up by exterior parties (Levine, 2000). The term CCTV can be technically used to refer to most types of video cameras however, it is generally used to apply to those that are involved in security department applications (Introna, 2000). In retail stores, CCTV systems are often used for security, monitoring some(prenominal) consumers and employees with the aim of preventing crime from occurring and for catching and prosecuting those that are involved in criminal acts within the store. I have worked at Best Buy since I was 17 geezerhood of age beginning in the sales department, and currently am the Security/Loss Prevention omnibus for my store. This role comes with a high amount of responsibility and I take pride in doing my ruminate fountainhead and ensuring that my staff do alike. Throughout my career at Best Buy one aspect of technology which I have used extensively and consider crucial to my work is the CCTV network of security cameras which is present as part of our store security system. CCTV plays a significant role in maintaining the security of our store, and is helpful in a number of other aspects. Most importantly the CCTV system allows the monitoring of both consumers and employees behavior from a distance. Even though the presence of security cameras throughout the store is a well known fact, many people forget that the cameras are operating or hope that they are in a blind spot and act in a manner which they would not wish to be observed in. The most common example of this is theft. The CCTV network is very useful for determining when and where shoplifting or acts of fraud occur, and as the system records the footage, it can then play a role in identifying thieves, in proving that an individual stole from the store, as well as providing a key role in privileged investigations into employee theft and dishonesty. However, the monitoring of theft and dishonest practice are not the only uses of this powerful technology, it is also used other purposes such as finding lost children, determine the locations of staff members during emergency drills as well as acting as a deterrent to theft. This essay testament consider the technology involved in CCTV, its history and how it is used as well as the legal ramifications occur as a consequence, with particular emphasis on the role of CCTV in retail security. Finally I will discuss my own personal experience with CCTV and how it affects my role at Best Buy. History One of the betimes uses of CCTV occurred in Londo n in 1961 at an underground railway station. The purpose of the system wasnt security, but was to allow drivers to ensure that the doors of the railway car were clear before they departed the station (Keval & Sasse, 2006). However, CCTV cameras were in use as early as 1940 and the industry has been growing ever since (Mohammed, 2010). The use of CCTV as a direction of surveillance for public areas as well as business has become commonplace, and there are many different purposes for CCTV systems. One common example is the use of CCTV as street surveillance, looking for drug connect activity, for the identification of missing persons, as well as for identifying any criminal activity (Keval & Sasse, 2006). Within retail stores consumers are observed through CCTV in the in order to look for illegitimate activity or evidence of theft. Monitoring is not limited to